第二百三十四章 民间鉴宝(3)
顶点小说(dingdian666.com)更新快,无弹窗!
田黄玉。
不过这田黄玉印章的质地显然有假,因为冰气测得印章表面层有强酸浸留在里面,分子极小极弱,但这跟做假翡翠手法相接近。
翡翠做假的手法周宣可是明白得透,对付初玩玉的人,用玻璃仿制品就可以了,市场上仿翡翠最普遍的赝品就是玻璃制,如一些小圆环,鸡心,玉牌,菩萨像等等,不过玻璃制品也最容易辨认。
玻璃制品因为是浇模而成,合范时高温的玻璃液在器物的边沿多少会溢出一点,冷却后成为隐隐凸起的范线。用手摸、眼看都会有所发现。如果拿放大镜映光观察,其中定有大大小小的气泡。
对付有一定藏龄和研究的玩家们,玻璃制品玉件便不够用了,赝品高手们便会用“穿衣”,“浇色”等等手法来做假,在卖场中的绝大部份劣质玉都是bc货,通过强酸浸泡透色,翡翠和玉如果被强酸浸泡,会变得很软和质地松散,这时把所需要的色素加进去,浸泡的时间过后,浸泡的玉一冷却,颜色就定了下来,这种上的颜色很是鲜艳,也极为诱人,还轻易不容易瞧出来,不过这种颜色一般超过一两年后就会褪色,而且褪色后就无法再恢复,价值也会变得一钱不值。
翡翠的假可以这样制,而其他种类的玉当然一样也可以这样制,翡翠是刚玉,是玉石中硬度最高的,而其他的玉硬度就低得多了,比玻璃的硬度还得几分,用强酸浸泡上色最容易。
这块田黄石的印章就是用强酸浸泡上色的,颜色虽鲜亮,但做假的人显然知道这东西不宜长期在手中玩摸,强酸遗留的分子对人体可是有害的。
张志森把印章拿在手中仔细的瞧着,最后又用鼻子闻了闻,然后皱了皱眉头,说道:“这枚印章的质地是田黄石没错,但质地并不是上等,甚至连中等都不是,是劣质的硬田石。”
印章的主人是一个三十来岁的中年男人,听了张志森的话愣道:“张教授,搞错了没有?我可是花了八万块买下来的这枚田黄印章,还请人鉴定过,这是用金裹银的上品田黄石雕刻的!”
张志森摇摇头道:“没错,这枚印章只是用硬田石浸泡强酸上色而成,颜色虽然鲜艳,但两年后就会褪色,一旦褪色,就一钱不值,你仔细闻一闻,时间长一点,就会嗅到极微弱的酸味,这是强酸浸入石质里留下的。”
那男子呆了呆,迅即抓起印章放到鼻端嗅了一会儿,却是皱了皱眉头,说道:“我怎么闻不到?”
张志森笑了笑,说道:“先生,这些辨识方法通常是要行家里手才很熟悉,一般的初玩者是无法识别的,我先给你们说一说田黄石吧,田黄石产于福州寿山乡寿山溪两旁的水稻田下,是寿山石中最好的品种,因为极其稀少,而现在几乎已经没有产量了,所以就更加珍贵,也是印章石中最贵重的品种。”
周宣对国内的玉石知之甚少,所熟的就只是翡翠,这时听张志森教授说起来,听得很有兴趣,又因为用冰气探测了这枚田黄石的真伪,所以知道底细,张志森辨识得一点错都没有,显然确实是知之甚深。
“田黄石从由母矿中分裂出来再埋藏到田间,其间历经了数百万年之久,在特殊的环境和特殊条件下,田黄石逐渐地改变了它原来的形态、色彩和质地,出现了其独具的外观特征。归纳起来主要表现在石形、石质、石色、石皮以及萝卜纹、红筋等六个方面。”
张志森笑了笑,又娓娓道来,“田黄石的珍贵品种有田黄冻石,银裹金,白田石,金裹银,鸡油黄,桔皮黄,黑皮田等等,次一些的有橘皮红田,溪管田,最差的如硬田石,像刚刚你所说的金裹银,那是田黄石中的上品,似羊脂油块,外表色着一层鲜嫩黄皮,皮与肉形成鲜明的色彩反差,与你这印章差之甚远。”
那人犹是不信,问道:“除了你说的强酸浸泡做假,那还有什么办法辨认?”
“田黄石做假的方法有几种,第一是用色泽接近田黄石,肌理似有萝卜纹的石材,把它打磨成卵石状,并用硬器点凿或放于进硬砂中翻滚,然后沾上土或着色,再放到高温中蒸煮,使其颜色外形与无皮的田黄石相似,这种假田黄乍看之下,极似真品,但仔细观察,其外表凿痕密布,始终不自然,只要透过外表悉察肌理,便知道是假货。”
“第二种是假造石皮,用颜料涂染,用药水高压加温,再磨制,你这枚田黄印章就是用这种方法所制而成,要识别,其实是有很多种方法的,浸泡过的石质皮松又脆,颗粒粗大,浑浊不透,干结如疤,难以受刀,雕刻时也只能刻制组线条景物,不能精雕细刻。”
那中年人听了张志森的介绍解说,对手中印章又摸又瞧,最后终于是脸色沮丧,垂着头走了。
周宣倒是觉得听张志森说了这么多,还是学了不少,结合自己的冰气更能明白他话中的含义。
接下来又鉴定了几件,全都是不值什么钱的假或劣质件。
周宣心里
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