第3182章 【3182】难度叠加
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第3182章【3182】难度叠加
因此要求医生操作过程的通畅性,不要随随便便捅错地方或捅出血,那是变成医疗事故了。
医生要保持全程顺利毫无阻碍,直达目标病灶不迷路,必然如开车般一定要先摸清路的走法。
如何走这条手术入路,如其它类手术有常规做法(若开车时来个车载地图导航),有同行和自己的手术经验作积累(有其他司机传授经验或是自己曾经开过这种路的经验作打底)。
经鼻蝶收入入路的常规体位,是有两种,一种是仰卧位,一种是半坐位。
只看后面那种病人体位都知道,前者病人的仰卧位绝对不可能是水平线仰卧位,只可能是头高脚低的仰卧位。
这是由人体解剖学所决定的。经鼻蝶入路前面讲过它的解剖路径,经鼻腔通过蝶窦这个特殊的解剖口进入大脑。
对比胃镜和肠镜。
胃镜肠镜是医生的工具如条蛇在一条隧道里头走来走去。走隧道有个好处,走的不对时退一退,进一进,只要不碰壁没什么高风险性。
鼻蝶手术不是,通过蝶窦后,手术器械是直接进到一团“豆腐”里头,由于不走隧道,退一退,进一进,需重新拨开“豆腐团”,非常容易误伤到周围的“豆腐脑”。
偏偏这些易误伤的邻近“豆腐脑”在解剖学上特别重要于是显出手术后遗症特别可怕。
如位置不对,跑下点去的话是碰到脑干了,不小心可以直接给干脑死。
挪上点去了,碰到损伤视神经给病人弄眼瞎。
走歪了偏离中线,捅破海绵窦和颈内动脉这些,术中大出血必死无疑。
为了避免这些恐怖的事件发生,最好的方法是医生进去“豆腐脑”后不用再探索,一步到位到达病灶上。
想要做到这点,医生需要找准蝶窦这个口的进入角度,准确操作进去“豆腐脑”,两者缺一不可。
前面,医生可以如神经三维导航软件,根据影像学片子来算算角度。
后面要做到,光是让医生用工具来调整角度太难。
难理解的话,可以类比为在家里拿长柄杯刷个窄口长的奇形怪状杯子。想把杯子底的顽固污渍刷干净,刷子怎么都够不着的情况下,是不是其实得一早盘算好调整杯子角度,让杯刷容易一通到底触到地方。
调整杯子角度,放在神经外科手术里,等同于调整病人的头部体位。所以有了前面说的经鼻蝶手术必然的头高脚低位。具体这个头高位置有多高,考验医生前一步的计算了。
不是所有医生都能精准算到的,更多临床医生是采取大量临床小白鼠练手做牺牲积累经验值。
具有特别高的高智商的医生,是无需小白鼠能算到。只可惜的是,能达成这种完美目标的医生实属罕见。
“onlyoneoperationposition?”
(只有一种手术体位吗?)
查理医生再对佟医生竖起根指头核实下,是否真的为手术全程一种体位。
上面说了,经鼻蝶手术入路好医生需要确定这个蝶窦入口角度已经有难度。经颅手术入路的确定,前面手术例子说过不少,一样难度高。
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