第二百九十一章 东林辩难

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晚生愿听两位先生对此持何意见?”
    高攀龙听张原开口就问这件大事,精神一振,答道:“天下事非一家私事,立储君乃是天下事,岂能任由皇帝废长立幼。”
    张原问:“为此争得朝政荒废亦不惜乎?”
    高攀龙一听这话,勃然作色,厉声道:“若国本都不争,还争什么!”
    张原不动声色,稳稳道:“晚生明白先生的意思了,晚生还有一问,两位先生以为我大明国可有近忧?”
    高攀龙道:“国本未固,此乃大忧。”
    张原道:“福王已就国洛阳,国本之争已定。”
    邹元标目视张原,说道:“张生对国之近忧似有高见,愿闻其详。”
    张原道:“在内是土地兼并,吏治败坏,天灾、党争不断,在外是建州女真迅速壮大,必成辽东大患。”
    高攀龙对建州女真将成辽东大患不以为意,说道:“蒙古鞑子才是边患,那建州女真能有几个人,算得什么大患,但土地兼并和天灾倒的确是大患,至于说党争,那是必然要争的,党者,类也,欲天下之无党,必无君子、小人之类,君国者,不患党,要在明辨其党。”
    张原不与高攀龙争君子之党小人之党,道:“建州努尔哈赤,不出三年将建国称汗,从此与大明为敌,辽东无宁日矣。”
    高攀龙问:“何敢如此确定?”
    张原道:“海西女真有扈伦四部,现有三部已被建州女真吞并,抚顺以北,尽是努尔哈赤的领地,契丹人曾云‘女真不满万,满万不可敌’,努尔哈赤一统女真诸部,要他不立国称帝岂可得乎?”
    邹元标奇道:“张生,你如何对女真诸部这般了解?”
    张原微笑道:“秀才不出门,便知天下事,只要有心,总能了解得到。”
    高攀龙道:“但要我大明政通人和,何惧区区女真,我以为国之患在内不在外。”
    萨尔浒之战前,大明朝野上下普遍藐视努尔哈赤,都认为只要大军一出,后金军队必土崩瓦解,可一战而胜,现在从高攀龙的态度就可窥端倪,其实高攀龙说得也不错,若大明朝政通人和,区区后金的确不成大患,奈何党争人祸不断,哪里谈得上什么政通人和,张原现在也没法让高攀龙信他,他只是先提个醒,留个伏笔——
    张原道:“那先不说外患,只论近忧,土地兼并,两位先生认为当如何解决?”
    邹元标对弱冠书生张原从容不迫侃侃谈这些颇感惊异,说道:“且先听张生高论。”
    高攀龙道:“皇帝赐福王田四万顷,群臣力争,乃减其半,诸王宗室占田极其惊人,单以河南一省而论,大约王府宗室占地十之六、七,军屯十之二,民间仅十之一、二,土地大量兼并,田租随意加征,请张生试议王府占地该如何解决?”
    这些问题张原都是考虑过的,只是没有合适的表达机会,现在有东林二魁发问,他也就不客气,说道:“宗室占田若无改革良策,只恐大明土地不足供诸藩禄米——”
    这一句又是八股文的破题,提纲挈领,先声夺人,张原现在把八股文技法是活学活用了,就连对张原颇有成见的高攀龙都赞了一声:“此言极是。”
    张原提出严格限制宗藩占田,由国家授以固定田额,给以世守,让诸王宗室自己经营,国家不支岁禄,由宗人养宗人,改变诸藩完全寄生的生活方式——
    邹元标点头道:“张生说得极好,但要施行则极难,诸王必群起反对,皇帝也不会下此决心。”
    张原道:“当然极难,不然如何能称得上国之忧患,不但宗室占田严重,官绅占田也是极多,其实晚生以为,土地兼并不可怕,再怎么兼并,这土地还是要人耕种的,并不是说土地一兼并,农民没了土地就得流离失所,关键是赋税流失以及地主任意提高田租并把赋税转嫁到雇农头上,一遇灾害,雇农无力承担赋税,就成了流民,这才是需要改革的重点——”
    邹元标和高攀龙对视一眼,均觉这弱冠书生直指要害,见解深刻,当下二人轮番向张原提问,简直把张原当作施政的内阁首辅了,张原很聪明,他的回答有很大保留,他不能现在一下子就把自己的改革方案全部说出来,因为这将影响到很大一部分人的既得利益,暂时不能施行的事不能先宣扬出来,不然阻力会大得吓人,对张原的仕途会极其不利。
    ——————————————————
    暑假来玩的小外甥抢占电脑,所以更新晚了,求推荐票支持。
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